Museumization of Iran's historical and cultural heritage

Анотація

The purpose of the article is to investigate the features of museumization of Iran's historical and cultural heritage, its tangible and intangible components.

Research Methods. The following scientific methods were used for writing the article: comparative analysis method for comparing museum expositions, retrospective method for studying ancient traditions in modern culture, typological method - which gives an opportunity to classify cultural objects.

Results. The peculiarity of Iranian historical heritage is that several historical powers were located on the territory of modern Iran. Persian culture was one of the leading eastern cultures. With the arrival of Arabs and Islamic tradition, Persian culture did not disappear but harmoniously integrated into Arab culture and the unique culture of modern Iran emerged.

The palace complexes of the rulers are now used as museums: Golestan and Niyavaran palaces, Falak ol-Aflak castle. Some of them belong to the world cultural heritage. Material culture is transmitted through ethnographic museums. One of the central museums is the National Museum in Tehran. There are also museums in the cities of Isfahan, Bandar Abbas and others.

Intangible culture is based on the synthesis of Islam and Zoroastrianism. It is Iran that is the birthplace of the monotheistic religion of Zoroastrianism. The majority of folk customs and holidays are connected with this religion: Nowruz, Sadeh.

Conclusions. Thus, the historical and cultural heritage of Iran is represented by architectural monuments and objects of garden and park art. Museumization of cultural heritage is manifested in the creation of stationary museums on the territory of palace complexes, as well as open-air museums, with traditional architecture of villagers.

The intangible culture of Iran is transmitted through ensemble expositions and festivals.